北京地区3种绣球的观赏性及耐寒适应性综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Ornamental Traits and Adaptability of Three Cold-Tolerant Hydrangeas in Beijing

对绣球观赏性状及耐寒适应性进行多指标调查,分析了其应用效果,旨在为绣球在华北地区的栽培种植和园林应用提供科学参考。通过针对北京动物园大花绣球‘无尽夏’(Hydrangea macrophylla’Endless Summer’)、乔木绣球‘安娜贝拉’(Hydrangea areborescense’Annabelle’)和圆锥绣球‘香草草莓’(Hydrangea paniculata’Vanilla Strawberry’)3个绣球品种进行了露地耐寒性试验,从植物次年萌芽率、成活率等耐寒适应性指标,盛花期开花数量、花期等观赏性指标进行了记录及评价。研究结果表明:3个绣球品种都能在北京地区安全越冬,但观赏性及耐寒适应性仍存在一定差异,绣球的防寒措施对绣球的适应性具有影响,对提高越冬性是必要的。大花绣球‘无尽夏’总评分最高,具有较强观赏性及适应性,‘安娜贝拉’其次,‘香草草莓’观赏性及适应性相对较差。未来还需加强对园区内绣球的定期监测,筛选优势物种,总结出结构稳定的群落配置模式与维护管理手段,丰富公园绿化植物选择。

In order to provide a scientific reference for the cultivation,planting and garden application of hydrangea in North China,a multi-index survey on the ornamental traits and cold tolerance adaptability of hydrangea was carried out,and its application effect was analyzed.Through the Beijing Zoo's Hydrangea macrophylla‘Endless Summer’,Hydrangea areborescense‘Annabelle’and Hydrangea paniculata‘Vanilla Strawberry’three hydrangea varieties were tested for cold tolerance in the open field.The cold tolerance adaptability indicators such as germination rate and survival rate of plants in the following year,the number of flowers in the full flowering period,and the flowering period and other ornamental indicators were recorded and evaluated.The results showed that the three hydrangea varieties could safely overwinter in Beijing,but there were still some differences in ornamental and cold-tolerant adaptability,and the cold-proof measures of hydrangea had an impact on the adaptability of hydrangea,which was necessary to improve the wintering performance.Hydrangea macrophylla‘Endless Summer’had the highest overall score and had strong ornamental traits and adaptability,followed by Hydrangea areborescense‘Annabelle’and Hydrangea paniculate‘Vanilla strawberry’.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen regular monitoring of hydrangea in the park,screen for advantageous species,summarize structurally stable community configuration models and maintenance management methods,and enrich the selection of green plants in the park.