工作繁荣视角下创业文化如何影响员工内部创业——创业警觉性的调节作用

How Does Entrepreneurial Culture Affect Employee Intrapreneurship?The Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Alertness

基于社会认知理论,从工作繁荣视角切入,探索工作繁荣在创业文化与员工内部创业行为间的作用以及边界条件。通过对山东省176位企业员工进行问卷调查,运用Bootstrap进行数据分析。研究结果表明:工作繁荣在创业文化与员工内部创业之间发挥中介作用,资源警觉性和机会警觉性在员工内部创业过程中负向调节工作繁荣的中介效应。结论丰富了工作繁荣在内部创业领域的相关研究,补充了创业警觉性的消极作用研究,以及不同维度的创业动因研究,有助于指导企业开展复杂的员工创业实践。

In recent years,domestic enterprises have launched a wave of intrapreneurship in response to the strategic plan of"mass entrepreneurship and innovation",helping the entrepreneurial sector to flourish.Because of the influence and propensity of innovation and entrepreneurship policies,entrepreneurship is not only limited to specific organizations or individuals.Many companies hope to fuel their growth through intrapreneurship,and gain a competitive advantage and achieve their goal of transformation and development.Existing research on the factors influencing intrapreneurship can be generally divided into three categories as organizational factors,external environmental factors and individual factors.Of these,organizational factors mainly involve institutional factors,economic factors,and internal influences on intrapreneurship.However,in terms of management practice,some companies have difficulties in sustaining the entrepreneurial transformation of their companies due to the inadequate and poorly implemented entrepreneurial culture system.Existing research on the influence mechanism of culture on intrapreneurship is rather unilateral,ignoring the interactive influence among the different dimensions.Intrapreneurship is a win-win model for employees and the company,and employees are progressively becoming an important focus of intrapreneurship research.Employees'perception of the working atmosphere affects the outcomes of their innovation.Hence,guided by the social cognitive theory,this paper aims to clarify the relationship between entrepreneurial culture and intrapreneurship from the perspective of employees thriving at work.In addition,opportunity and resources are considered two important entrepreneurial elements.In the intrapreneurial process,the balance between the two elements is being explored.In this regard,entrepreneurial alertness involving these two elements has been identified as an indispensable entrepreneurial trait for employees,but past research has only discussed the positive effects of alertness.This paper argues that employees have a limited range of attention and that excessive alertness can lead to deviant behavior,and then it introduces resource alertness and opportunity alertness as moderating variables to investigate their negative moderating role in the entrepreneurial culture-thriving at work-intrapreneurship link.The study obtains 176 sets of data on employee intrapreneurship by conducting a questionnaire survey on employees in enterprises in Shandong Province.The scales in the questionnaire are taken from domestic and foreign mature scales.Bootstrap is used to analyze the data,and the template 21 in the regression analysis designed by Hayes is selected to test the hypotheses.The results indicate that thriving at work reinforces the impact of entrepreneurial culture on intrapreneurship.Among them,a good entrepreneurial culture system enhances thriving at work,and thriving at work promotes the engagement in intrapreneurship.While resource alertness negatively moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial culture and thriving at work,and opportunity alertness negatively moderates the relationship between thriving at work and intrapreneurship.Moreover,the mediating role of thriving at work depends on resource alertness and opportunity alertness.An intrinsic influence mechanism is proposed based on social cognitive theory among intrapreneurship,entrepreneurial culture and thriving at work,and a moderated mediation model is proposed to verify the negative effects of resource alertness and opportunity alertness.The main contributions are as follows.First,this paper focuses on the interaction between the influencing factors of different dimensions of intrapreneurship.From the entrepreneurial culture at the organizational level to the thriving at work at the individual level,this paper constructs the mediation mechanism of employee thriving at work on entrepreneurial culture and intrapreneurship,trying to improve research on the impact mechanism of intrapreneurship.Second,the importance of resources as an entrepreneurial component has been largely ignored in previous research on entrepreneurial alertness.To enrich previous research on alertness,this paper divides entrepreneurial alertness into resource alertness and opportunity alertness,and then analyzes the moderating effects of each independently.Finally,by discussing the negative effects of entrepreneurial alertness and stressing the different roles of resource alertness and opportunity alertness,this paper provides companies and employees with references on how to avoid entrepreneurial failure.This study can guide the complex management practices in companies by creating the intrapreneurship intrinsic influence mechanism.Besides,the negative moderating role of entrepreneurial alertness also calls for managers'attention to cultivate employees'entrepreneurial alertness from a dialectical perspective,foster an environment favorable to intrapreneurship,and avoid potential entrepreneurial deviant behaviors of employees due to excessive entrepreneurial alertness.