军民融合创新联合体:内涵、逻辑与进路

Military-civil Fusion Innovation Consortium:Connotation,Logic and Approaches

军民融合是协同推进国防事业与经济建设的重要抓手,也是巩固提升一体化国家战略体系和能力的核心议题。面对新一轮科技革命与产业变革的加速演进,科技创新成为强化科技安全、保障经济安全和国防安全的关键纽带。针对我国军民融合协同创新面临的新挑战与新使命,基于使命驱动型创新和整合式创新理论,提出面向高水平科技自立自强的军民融合创新联合体。系统解析军民融合创新联合体概念内涵、理论基础和典型特征,构建军民融合创新联合体基本架构,探讨强化军民国家战略科技力量体系化协同和整合式创新,积聚力量进行原创性引领性攻关,加快关键核心技术攻坚和场景化应用,以科技安全支撑经济、国防和新型国家安全的过程逻辑。提出以军民融合创新联合体为抓手,健全国家安全体系,以新安全格局保障新发展格局的路径与对策。

Military-civil fusion is a vital grip to promote national defense strength and economic development synergistically,as well as a core issue to consolidate and enhance the holistic national strategic system and capability.China's military-civil fusion development has entered a senior stage,reflecting the trend of intelligent warfare patterns and the generalization of military and civilian technologies.The need to further strengthen the capability of the national defense S&T industry is highly stressed by the government.Therefore,this study proposes to build a military-civil fusion innovation consortium(MCF-IC)with the goal of S&T self-reliance and self-improvement as well as a national S&T security mission so as to complete and improve the construction of the military-civil fusion innovation system.There are some critical challenges in China's military-civil fusion collaborative innovation.First,there is a severe separation between the military and the regional innovation systems.Information barriers hinder the connection between military and civilian innovation subjects.Second,the institutional cost for private enterprises to participate in military-civil fusion collaborative innovation is high,and they must go through a long process of stringent qualification review.Meanwhile,relevant research institutes and laboratories lack sufficient attention to technology commercialization,obstructing the application and industrialization of frontier technologies.Finally,there is a more pronounced lack of willingness among enterprises in the military industry to actively collaborate with private enterprises on technology commercialization.The lack of an adequate context as a carrier to bring together innovation subjects impedes defense innovation development.The MCF-IC is a new organizational model that can solve the above problems in the current military-civil fusion collaborative innovation practice.With the mission of strengthening S&T security to guarantee national and economic security,it is based on mission-oriented innovation and holistic innovation theory,and led by the strategy of building a modern,powerful socialist country.It is supported by a new national innovation ecosystem and efficiently coordinated by multiple innovation subjects from industry,academia and research.It is a typical high-level innovation consortium formed with organized R&D.Unlike the existing military-civil fusion collaborative innovation,the MCF-IC responds to two important strategic needs in the new development stage:the construction of an innovation powerhouse and the bottom-line requirements for secure development.It addresses a series of problems faced by the current military-civil fusion collaborative innovation.In terms of the theoretical foundation,it has been changed from the theory of collaborative innovation to mission-oriented innovation and holistic innovation which are aimed at solving the existing information barriers and collaborative obstacles.The major issues in focus have been converted from traditional national security to new national security,responding to the needs of the era and the strategic connotation of the senior stage for military-civil fusion.In terms of the relationship characteristics of innovation subjects,they bave been shifted from a loosely coupled model to a tightly coupled and co-evolution model with context-driven as the core,which enhances the integration level of innovation capability.As for the driving mechanism,it has been turned from the profit-oriented market mode to the mode of organized R&D,which solves the problem of dynamism and improves the efficiency of S&T innovation output.On the structure,the MCF-IC has the systemic structural characteristics of an innovation ecosystem.Specifically,a typical MCf-IC includes an original innovation supply system composed of national laboratories,high-level research universities and national research institutions,an ecological system for MCF technology commercialization by the integration of leading S&T enterprises and hidden champions,and a regional innovation center or MCF innovation demonstration zone that brings together innovation resources.Operationally,this study breaks the dichotomy between the military and civilian sectors and transforms national strategic needs into specific contexts and goals for innovation.By integrating innovation subjects and strategic resources in both military and civil fields,the MCF-IC drives the breakthroughs in basic research in frontier fields and develops strategic industries.It takes S&T security as the core,safeguards national defense security,economic security and other security,accelerates the modernization of the national security system and capability,and guarantees the new development pattern with a new security pattern.