数字化转型与企业开放式创新--来自中国上市公司的经验证据

Digital Transformation and Enterprise Open Innovation

产业数字化转型升级在中国各行业快速推进,数字化转型能加快创新资源跨企业边界流动,促进企业开放式创新。本文基于2007—2021年中国A股上市公司数据,实证研究了数字化转型对企业开放式创新的影响。研究发现,整体数字化转型、底层技术应用数字化转型都显著促进了企业开放式创新,而技术实践应用数字化转型对企业开放式创新的影响不显著,该结论在考虑内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验基础上仍然成立。作用机制分析表明,数字化转型通过知识溢出、降低信息不对称促进企业开放式创新;企业吸收能力正向调节数字化转型对开放式创新的促进作用,而企业供应链集中度负向调节数字化转型对开放式创新的促进作用;地区产业数字化水平和地区制度环境水平都正向调节数字化转型对企业开放式创新的促进作用。据此,管理部门要层层推进引导企业数字化转型,并继续完善基础设施和政策体系建设;企业要加快数字化转型升级,推动开放式创新。

Industrial digital transformation and upgrading are developing rapidly in various industries in China.Digital transformation can accelerate the flow of innovation resources across enterprise boundaries and promote open innovation of enterprises.Based on the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2021,this paper empirically studies the impact of digital transformation on the open innovation of enterprises.It is found that the overall digital transformation and the digital transformation of the underlying technology application have significantly promoted the open innovation of enterprises,while the impact of practical digital technology application on open innovation is not significant.These conclusions still holds after considering endogeneity problems and conducting a series of robustness tests.The analysis of mechanism shows that the digital transformation promotes the open innovation of enterprises through knowledge spillover and reducing information asymmetry;the absorption ability of enterprises positively regulates the promoting effect of digital transformation on open innovation,while the concentration of enterprise supply chain negatively regulates the promoting effect of digital transformation on open innovation;the digitalization level of regional industry and the level of regional institutional environment are positively regulating the promoting role of digital transformation on the open innovation of enterprises.Accordingly,the management departments should promote and guide the digital transformation of enterprises,and continue to improve the construction of infrastructure and policy system;enterprises should accelerate the digital transformation and upgrading,and promote open innovation.