论“孔颜之乐”美学命题价值

On the Aesthetic Proposition Value of“The Joy of Confucius and Yan Hui”

“孔颜之乐”命题的演变经历了宋儒前的语词诠释、宋儒以来的哲学命题诠释和王国维以来的美学命题诠释三个历程。从美感问题出发,围绕美学史发生逻辑,“孔颜之乐”美学命题有两方面的内涵:其一是人格美感,即“从吾所好”的审美情趣观、“君子上达”的审美意志观与“忧道不忧贫”的审美认知观;其二是艺术美感,即“曲―数―志―人”的四层境界论与“哀而不伤,乐而不淫”的艺术评价“中庸”之道。“孔颜之乐”美学命题的价值主要为发展当代美学基础理论与解决当下民众自身的精神困境,有益于当代美学基础理论立足“人生美学”,并为当下民众探索“诗意地栖居”生活模式提供了理论思路。

The evolution of the proposition“The Joy of Confucius and Yan Hui”has gone through three stages:the interpretation of language and words before the Song Confucianism,the interpretation of philosophical propositions since the Song Confucianism,and the interpretation of aesthetic propositions since Wang Guowei.The aesthetic proposition of“The Joy of Confucius and Yan Hui”revolves around the logic of aesthetic history,starts from the issue of aesthetic perception,and has two connotations.One is the aesthetic perception of personality,which includes the aesthetic taste view of“following my own interests”,the aesthetic will view of“gentlemen pursuing self-improvement”,and the aesthetic cognitive view of“worrying about the‘Tao’but not about poverty”.The other is the artistic aesthetic perception,which refers to the four levels of artistic aesthetics of“The Melody of Music,Techniques for Playing Music,Artist’s Aesthetic Taste and Artist’s Personality”and the“golden mean”attitude of artistic evaluation featuring“being mournful but not distressing,and being joyous but not indecent”.The value of the aesthetic proposition of“The Joy of Confucius and Yan Hui”is mainly manifested in the development of contemporary aesthetic basic theories and solving the spiritual difficulties of the people themselves.This is beneficial for inspiring the fundamental theories of contemporary aesthetics to be rooted in the“aesthetics of life”,and also provides theoretical ideas for the current public to explore the“poetic dwelling”lifestyle.