骨组织工程镁基支架的制备研究进展

Research Progress of Preparation of Magnesium-based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

骨组织工程为受损骨、病变骨的治疗提供了重要的途径。如何获得易于骨修复、高强度且具有良好生物相容性的支架,是当前骨组织工程支架应用的技术难点和研究热点之一。支架材料的种类及制备方法是影响骨组织工程结构及性能的主要因素。镁基合金因在生物相容性、降解行为等方面具有突出表现而受到了普遍的关注,被认为是一种前景广阔的骨组织工程支架材料。常见的骨组织工程镁基支架制备方法有熔体发泡法、渗流铸造法、固/气共晶定向凝固法和增材制造法等,然而现有制备方法在孔隙结构精细控制及造孔残留物对镁基支架生物相容性的影响等方面仍需进一步研究。本文综述了骨组织工程镁基支架的制备方法,分析了影响镁基支架孔隙结构和性能的因素,总结了每种制备方法的优缺点,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Bone tissue engineering provides an important approach for the treatment of damaged bone and diseased bone.Recently,the research on fabricating scaffolds with bone reconstruction,high strength,and good biocompatibility,has been one of the most popular topics and technical difficulties in the application of bone tissue engineering scaffolds.The types and preparation methods of scaffold material are major factors affecting its structure and properties.Magnesium-based alloys have attracted widespread attention because of its outstanding performance in biocompatibility and degradation behavior,and have been considered as a candidate class of promising scaffold materials for bone tissue enginee-ring.The preparation methods of magnesium-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering include melt foaming,infiltration casting,solid/gas eutectic directional solidification and additive manufacturing,etc.However,the existing preparation methods still need to be further studied in the aspects of fine control of pore structure and the effect of pore-making residues on the biocompatibility of magnesium-based scaffolders.This article reviews the preparation methods of magnesium-based scaffolds used in bone tissue engineering,analyzes the main factors affecting pore structure and properties of scaffolds,summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation method,and discusses the trends of future research.