同铁不同性:FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O和(NH_(4))_(2)Fe(SO_(4))_(2)·6H_(2)O——硫酸亚铁铵制备的改进实验

Distinctive Properties with the Same Ferrous Ion:FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O and(NH_(4))_(2)Fe(SO_(4))_(2)·6H_(2)O:An Improvement of the Experiment on Preparation of Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate Hexahydrate

以经典的硫酸亚铁铵的制备实验为基础,将其从一个简单的任务式制备实验,改进成集原理探究、高效制备、开放设计、趣味观察于一身的全面完善的综合开放性实验:原理上引入FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O和(NH_(4))_(2)Fe(SO_(4))_(2)·6H_(2)O的单晶结构,内容上新增硫酸亚铁与硫酸亚铁铵在晶态下对空气稳定性的研究,同时设计了实验人工“晶体雪”、“透明奶皮”与实验室“绿宝石”的制作等趣味实验,并引入显微镜技术对所得晶体形态进行对比观察。本改进实验优化了学时分配,丰富了教学内容,拓宽了实验维度,通过对比法加深了学生对实验原理和专业知识的理解,达到提高学生的创新意识、实验操作能力、结果分析能力和综合能力的目的。

Based on the classic preparation experiment of ammonium ferrous sulfate,we improved it from a simple task-type preparation experiment into a highly comprehensive and complete open experiment integrating principle exploration,efficient preparation,open design and interesting observation.In the experiment,the single crystal structures of FeSO_(4)∙7H_(2)O and(NH_(4))_(2)Fe(SO_(4))_(2)∙6H_(2)O are introduced,the stability of crystal state ferrous sulfate and ammonium ferrous sulfate in the air is studied,and interesting experiments such as making artificial“crystal snow”,“transparent crème”,and“emerald”are designed.In the experiment,the stereo microscope was introduced to observe the crystal morphology.This improved experiment optimizes the allocation of class hours,enriches the teaching content,broadens the experimental dimension,deepens the understanding of the principle and professional knowledge of the students via comparing,and achieves the purpose of improving the students’innovation consciousness,laboratory skill,analysis ability and comprehensive ability.