基于可插拔式区块链的生态流量监测系统设计

Design of ecological flow monitoring system based on pluggable blockchain

针对生态流量监管公开、透明、多方参与、数据溯源等需求,分析区块链技术在生态流量监测应用中的优势,在水情监测系统常用框架基础上,考虑可插拔式区块链支撑组件,设计一种有利于多方协同参与的生态流量监测系统,在系统数据资源层采用区块结构进行数据链式存储,在网络层运用点对点传输和拜占庭容错共识机制进行数据通信,将生态流量监管所需的各类算法写入智能合约中,并根据计算结果在业务层进行可信应用或数据溯源。传统监测系统引入区块链技术后,可使监测数据具有真实透明、难以篡改、可追溯等特性,适合多主体、跨部门的监测数据共享与发布。研究成果可为生态流量泄放监管提供一种可靠的技术支撑,亦可为区块链技术在水利行业尤其是水资源管理领域的应用落地提供借鉴。

In order to meet the needs of openness,transparency,multi-participation and data traceability of ecological flow monitoring,this paper analyzes the advantages of block chain technology in the application of ecological flow monitoring.Considering the pluggable block chain supporting component,an ecological flow monitoring system is designed on the basis of the common framework of water monitoring system,which is beneficial to multicooperation.Block structure is adopted for data chain storage in data resource layer.And in the network layer,point-to-point transmission and Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus mechanism are applied for data communication.Various algorithms for ecological flow regulation are included in intelligent contracts,and trusted applications or data traceability are conducted based on calculation results in the business layer.The introduction of blockchain technology to traditional monitoring system can make the monitoring data real and transparent,difficult to tamper and traceable.It is applicable for multi-subject and cross-department monitoring data sharing and publishing.The research results can provide a reliable technical support for the supervision of ecological discharge,and serve as reference for the application of blockchain technology in water conservancy,especially in the field of water resources management.