苹果修剪枝条还田处理方式对土壤性状和植株光合性能的影响

Effect of apple pruning branch returning treatments on soil properties and plant photosynthetic performance

本研究针对冬季修剪后的苹果枝条,进行了粉碎、堆腐和炭化处理。这些处理后的枝条以预处理重量的3%的比例被添加到盆栽山定子的基质中,以研究不同处理方式对土壤肥力及山定子幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,与对照(仅用园土)相比,三个处理均不同程度地提高了土壤肥力和幼苗的光合参数。其中,以枝条粉碎堆腐后还田的方式效果最佳,显著提高基质土壤的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性,以及山定子幼苗叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率。

In this study,apple branches after winter pruning were crushed,composted and charred.These treated branches were,and then added to the substrate of potted Malus baccata at a rate of 3%of the pretreatment weight to investigate the effects of different treatments on soil fertility and plant photosynthetic performanceseedling growth.The results showed that all three treatments improved soil fertility and photosynthetic parameters of seedlings compared to with the control(garden soil only).Among them,the treatment with branch crushing,composting and then returning to the field was the most effective,which significantly increased the content of alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and organic matter contents of the substrate soil,the activities of soil urease,sucrase,andβ-glucosidase,as well as the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate of the seedling leaves of seedlings.