国产方言电影字幕词汇的数据统计与释义对比研究

A Comparative Study on Data Statistics and Interpretation of Vocabulary in Subtitles of Domestic Dialect Films

近年来,方言电影的热度只增不减,有鲜明地域特色的方言词汇能够给观众带来极大的文化认同感与民族凝聚力。该文以2000年以来的40部方言电影为例,利用微词云对其字幕文本进行了分词与词频统计。经进一步比对,未被《现代汉语词典》收录且同时被《现代汉语方言大词典》和《汉语方言大词典》收录的二、三音节词语共1093个,其中有100个具有鲜明的地域特色。通过对比100个特色方言词语在两部方言词典中的释义,结果显示:释义大致相仿的有82个,《现代汉语方言大词典》的释义更优的有16个,《汉语方言大词典》的释义更优的有1个,释义均不全面的有1个。方言词典的释义工作难度较大,难免存在一些问题,此外也不排除电影存在不规范使用方言词语的情况。

In recent years,the popularity of dialect films has been on the rise,with dialect vocabulary characterized by distinctive regional features contributing significantly to the audiences'sense of cultural identity and national solidarity.This study analyzed the subtitle texts of 40 dialect films produced since the year 2000 using micro word cloud technology for word segmentation and frequency counting.Further comparison revealed a total of 1093 two-and three-syllable words that are not included in Contemporary Chinese Dictionary but are recorded in both Large Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects and Large Dictionary of Chinese Dialects.Among them,100 words carry distinctive regional characteristics.A comparative analysis of the interpretation of these 100 characteristic dialect words in the two dialect dictionaries shows that 82 words have largely similar interpretations,16 words are better interpreted in Large Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects,one word is better interpreted in Large Dictionary of Chinese Dialects,and one word is inadequately explained in both dictionaries.The task of interpreting dialect dictionaries is challenging and inevitably possesses some issues.Additionally,it cannot be ruled out that there may be instances of irregular usage of dialect words in films.