数据财产权动态限制取得体系构建

Disposal of Data Proprietary Right Based on A Hybrid Alienability Theory

数据作为数字经济的关键生产要素,日益成为推动我国经济转型的新动力和社会经济发展中的基础性驱动力。但数据产权制度的缺乏已成为数据要素市场培育和数字经济发展的制度瓶颈,不仅导致数据资源供需失衡,也阻碍了数据资源的优化配置。数据财产权体系可以动态限制权利取得理论所构建,从而构建以数据的人格属性、经济属性和数据行为的负外部性特征为基础的数据产权制度。并基于动态限制权利取得原则使数据财产权权利体系二分。以“取得”对数据权利界定的必要性为基准线,从而将数据财产权权利体系二分:界分之一为相对自由的可取得数据权;界分之二为权利取得存在限制的数据权。

As a key productive element of the digital economy,data is increasingly becoming a new driving force for promoting China's economic transformation and a foundational driving force in socio-economic development.However,the lack of a data property rights system has become an institutional bottleneck for cultivating the data element market and advancing digital economic development.This not only leads to an imbalance in the supply and demand of data resources but also hinders the optimal allocation of data resources.The data property rights system can be dynamically constructed based on the theory of Hybrid Alienability.This paper suggests building a data property rights system based on the personal attributes,economic attributes,and negative external characteristics of data behavior.And based on the Hybrid Alienability,the data property rights system is divided into two parts.Guided by the need for“access”to define the right to data as the baseline,the data property rights system is divided into two parts:the first division is the right to a relatively free access to data,and the second division is the right to access data with limitations.