特异型海上结构物拆除后运输固定设计分析

Analysis of Transportation and Sea-fastening Methods for Dismantled Special-shaped Offshore Structures

考虑到海上油气平台弃置拆除已逐步产业化,待拆除结构物的形式多种多样,对渤海、南海、泰国湾等海域已完成拆除的结构物进行归纳,总结拆除特异型结构物运输固定设计的流程、结构物特点、专用设计方法。如采用易脱桩导管架装船运输时设计的新工装,可满足多种卸船方式,可有效解决易脱桩的难题;含易燃易爆残留物的大型储罐利用数值模拟使用非焊接固定法,可解决不能动火的难题;稳性差的结构物运输时设计的阵列式结构可缩短工期,解决稳性差的结构在运输中易发生倾覆、单根桩受力过大的技术难题,所总结的方法均在工程实践中取得了良好的实施效果且得到了权威机构的认可。

Considering that the disposal and demolition of offshore oil and gas platforms has been gradually industrialized,the forms of structures to be dismantled are diverse,and the structures that have been dismantled in Bohai Sea,South China Sea,Gulf of Thailand and other sea areas were analyzed.The design process,structure characteristics and special design method of dismantled special-shaped structures for transportation and sea-fastening were summarized,such as the new tool designed for the loading and transportation of the pile easy to break free from jacket to meet various unloading methods and effectively solve the difficult problem of easily-detached pile,adopting the non-welding sea-fastening method for the large tanks containing flammable and explosive residues to solve the problem of non-ignition,the transportation mode of array structure to shorten the construction period and solve the technical problems that the structure with poor stability is prone to overturn and the single pile is too heavy in the transportation,etc.The methods described in this paper had achieved good implementation results in engineering practice and had been recognized by authoritative institutions.