微纳米塑料对鱼类的毒性效应及作用机制研究进展

Research Advances on Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Micro-and Nano-plastics on Fish

微纳米塑料(MNPs)在水环境中的污染问题已成为全球关注的热点。MNPs因其数量多、粒径小,极易被鱼类误食对鱼体造成危害。本文综述了MNPs对鱼类毒性效应及作用机制,首先阐述了鱼类对MNPs的摄食、富集和转运规律,分析了不同粒径的MNPs对鱼类造成的不同危害,其次重点评述了MNPs对鱼类毒性效应及作用机制,并介绍了MNPs和其他污染物对鱼类的毒性效应,最后展望了MNPs对鱼类的研究趋势。研究MNPs对鱼类毒性效应及作用机制有利于增进对MNPs的生态毒性的认识,为经济鱼类的安全生产和生态稳定提供科学依据。

The pollution of micro-and nano-plastics(MNPs)in water environments has become a global concern.Because of their large quantity and small particle size,MNPs are prone to be ingested by fish and cause harm.This article reviews the toxic effects and the mechanisms of MNPs on fish.Firstly,the patterns of MNPs ingestion,enrichment,and transport in fish are summarized,and the stress caused by MNPs with different particle sizes are analyzed.Secondly,the toxic effects of MNPs on fish and the mechanisms are emphatically demonstrated,and the combined toxic effects of MNPs and other pollutants on fish are delineated.Finally,three research prospects of MNPs on fish are proposed.This review article is conducive to enhancing the understanding of the ecotoxicity of MNPs,providing scientific basis for the safe production and ecological stability of commercial fish.