中国地层花粉数据集

A fossil pollen dataset of China

地层孢粉数据是古植被和古气候重建等古环境研究的重要基础。孢粉数据库推动古环境研究从点到区域和全球尺度,从定性到定量,从而实现在大空间尺度和长时间序列上探索植被、气候和人类干扰的相互关系,以更好地理解地球系统的演变。该数据集整合了全国第四纪末期(5万年以来)共372个地层花粉序列,涵盖790个花粉类群,样点分布于中国30个省级行政区与领海。数据集包含地层花粉采样点的地名、经纬度坐标和海拔高度、数据来源、样品类型、沉积物长度、样品数量、测年方法及测年数量、时间跨度和参考文献,以及每个采样点的花粉含量百分比。数据主要来源于20世纪80年代至今。采样点集中分布在温带和亚热带森林、温带草原和荒漠以及青藏高原高寒植被区域;在深海到青藏高原不同海拔高度都有分布,但集中在海拔2000 m之下。按照数据来源区分,原始数据样点178个,占47.8%;数值化数据194个,占52.2%。按照样品类型分类,多数样点为湖泊样品(151个)、冲积物/洪积物样品(99个)与泥炭样品(67个),占总样点数的85.2%。年代测定的主要方法为放射性碳同位素手段(占样品总数的93.8%),大部分记录有2-10个测年数据。采样点的平均花粉类群数量是19个,以4-30个花粉类群的采样点最多。代表性花粉类群(松属(Pinus)、栎属(Quercus)、蒿属(Artemisia)、禾本科)含量的时空分布格局表明,从末次盛冰期到全新世,这些花粉科属的分布范围扩大,含量也增加,但分布区域具有分异。半个多世纪以来,孢粉学工作者建立中国大部分地区的地层花粉记录,为探究古环境演变及其气候变化、人类活动驱动机制奠定了重要的基础。

Fossil pollen and spore records provide highly creditable proxy data to investigate the past environmental changes such as palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate.Pollen database promotes past environmental studies from local to regional and global scales and from qualitative to quantitative reconstructions.This is of great significance on exploring the interactions among past vegetation,climates and anthropogenic disturbances at large spatial scale and long temporal scale,to better understand the evolution of the earth system.In this paper,a fossil pollen dataset of China is compiled,by synthesizing 372 original or digitized fossil pollen records including 790 pollen taxa in China’s land and ocean during the late-Quaternary(since 50 ka BP).The dataset includes site names,latitude,longitude and altitude,pollen data source,sample type,sediment length or span,sample number of each site,dating method and dating number,age span and reference,as well as the fossil pollen percentage of each sampling site.The pollen data,mostly published from late 1980s to present,are concentrated in vegetation regions of temperate and subtropical forests,temperate grasslands,temperate deserts and alpine vegetation on the Qingzang Plateau.Sample sites are distributed at different altitudes from deep sea to high Qingzang Plateau,but the majority of the sites are located between 0–2000 m.The dataset comprises of 178 raw pollen records(47.8%)and 194 digitized pollen records(52.2%).Pollen samples are mainly from lake sediment(151 sites),alluvial/fluvial sediment(99 sites),and peat(67 sites),accounting for 85.2% of the total sampling sites.Radiocarbon is the main dating method that accounts for 93.8% of total samples,and most of the sites have 2-10 radiocarbon dating data.Each site has an average number of pollen taxa of 19,with the most sites having 4-30 pollen taxa.The temporal and spatial distribution of representative pollen taxa(Pinus,Quercus,Artemisia and Poaceae)reveals increasing trends both in their distributional range and pollen concentration from the last glacial maximum to Holocene,but such trends have various regional patterns in different parts of China.This fossil pollen dataset is a fruitful work of collection of pollen records in most territory of China that conducted by palynologists from China and overseas during the last half century.It consolidates the valuable and fundamental data that can be potentially utilized to explore the evolution of past environments and their driving mechanism of climate change and human disturbance.