虚拟现实技术在心脏康复患者中应用的范围综述

Application of virtual reality in cardiac rehabilitation patients: a scoping review

目的针对虚拟现实技术在心脏康复患者中应用的研究进行审查, 识别干预类型、干预要素、结局指标和应用效果。方法采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)范围综述指南为方法学框架, 计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library 、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库, 检索时限为建库至2023年4月10日。提取文献并汇总分析。结果纳入16篇文献, 虚拟现实技术干预类型主要为沉浸式和非沉浸式, 干预人群包含心脏康复不同阶段患者, 干预场所不受限制, 干预频率多为2~3次/周, 干预时长多为30~60 min, 干预周期多为3周~12个月。虚拟现实技术在一定程度上改善了心脏康复患者身体功能和心理健康状态, 患者反馈参与度、满意度较高。结论虚拟现实对心脏康复患者具有积极影响, 具有较好的安全性和可行性, 对心脏功能恢复尚有争议, 未来研究仍需开展大样本、多中心研究, 追踪远期效果。

Objective To review the application of virtual reality in cardiac rehabilitation patients,identify intervention types,intervention elements,outcome indicators,and application effects.Methods Electronic retrieval was implemented on PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Data,and China Biology Medicine disc,using the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)scoping review guideline as the methodological framework.The search period was from the establishment of the database to April 10,2023.The literature was extracted,summarized,and analyzed.Results A total of 16 articles were included.The main types of virtual reality interventions were immersive and non-immersive.The intervention population included patients at different stages of cardiac rehabilitation,with unrestricted intervention venues.The intervention frequency was mostly 2 to 3 times per week,with intervention duration mostly ranging from 30 to 60 minutes and intervention cycles mostly ranging from 3 weeks to 12 months.Virtual reality improved the physical function and mental health of cardiac rehabilitation patients to a certain extent,and patient feedback showed good participation and satisfaction.Conclusions Virtual reality has a positive impact on cardiac rehabilitation patients,with good safety and feasibility,but the recovery of cardiac function is still controversial.It is still necessary to conduct large sample size,multi center research,and track long-term effects.