美国国防高级研究计划局2014-2023财年预算的启示

Budget analysis and enlightenment of DARPA from fiscal year 2014 to 2023

美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)作为美国颠覆性技术的孵化器,在美国国防科技创新中扮演着重要角色。通过分析2014-2023财年DARPA研究、开发、试验与鉴定(RDT&E)预算经费的发展和变化情况,明晰了美国国防前沿技术创新方向和布局:从横向阶段划分看,基础研究不再是预算近两年的布局重点,预算重心由基础研究向先期技术发展转移;从纵向项目配置看,预算呈现出持续布局前沿技术、推进新技术演示验证、助力“全域作战”体系建设等趋势;从投向的技术领域看,微电子、人工智能、通信与网络以及生物科技是DARPA近2年的研发重点。

DARPA,as an incubator of disruptive technologies,plays an important role in the scientific and technological innovation of the US military.The research on DARPA RDT&E budget can provide an important basis for understanding the development direction and trend of US defense technology.This paper explored frontier technology innovations of the US military by analyzing the budgets from FY 2014 to FY 2023.The results show that(1)the focus of the budget has shifted from basic research to advanced technology development,(2)the budget shows a trend of continuously arranging frontier technologies,promoting the demonstration and verification of new technologies,and helping the construction of the"mosaic warfare",and(3)microelectronics,artificial intelligence,communication and network,and biotechnology have been the key research areas of DARPA in the past two years.