近30年辽河三角洲生态系统服务价值时空演变及影响因素分析

Spatial and Temporal Evolution and Impact Factors Analysis of Ecosystem Service Value in the Liaohe River Delta over the Past 30 Years

深入研究辽河三角洲生态系统服务价值(ESV)的时空演变特征及影响因素,对其生态环境治理和保护具有重要意义.基于1990~2020年辽河三角洲7期土地利用数据,利用当量因子系数修正法建立估算模型评估ESV,综合分析研究区ESV时空演变特征,并探究ESV驱动影响因素与机制.结果表明:①1990~2020年辽河三角洲地区土地利用方式大部分为耕地,30年间林地、湿地和未利用土地面积呈现下降趋势,草地、水域和建设用地呈上升趋势,耕地面积基本无变化.②辽河三角洲ESV呈现先减少后增加再减少的趋势,生态系统服务总价值整体呈现出西南部价值高,东北部价值低的空间分异规律.③辽河三角洲地区的所有土地利用类型敏感性指数均小于1,表明ESV缺乏弹性.④辽河三角洲ESV具有空间正相关性,整体而言,辽河三角洲以HH和LL聚类为主,HL聚类多分布在LL聚类边界处,LH聚类分布在HH聚类周围,少量分布在LL聚类周围.⑤辽河三角洲生态系统服务价值演变的影响因子中,DEM对ESV的影响最小,HAI对ESV影响最大,其次是GDP,所有影响因子的交互结果对ESV空间分布的影响均具有增强作用,其中HAI和降水量的交互作用最强,达到了95.58%.

An in-depth study of the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and driving factors of ecosystem service values in the Liaohe River Delta is of great significance to its ecological environment governance and protection.Based on the land use data of the Liaohe River Delta for seven periods from 1990 to 2020,the ecosystem service value(ESV)was evaluated according to the equivalent factor coefficient correction method,establishing models for estimating the value of ecosystem services;the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the ESV in the study area were comprehensively analyzed;and the driving influencing factors and mechanisms of the ESV were explored.The results showed that:①From 1990 to 2020,the most common land use type in the Liaohe River Delta was cultivated land,and the areas of forest land,wetland,and unutilized land showed a decreasing trend;grassland,water,and construction land showed an increasing trend;and the area of cultivated land was basically unchanged during the 30 year period.②In terms of the temporal evolution,the ESV in the study area showed a trend of first decreasing,then increasing,and then decreasing.In terms of the spatial distribution of ESV,the total value of ecosystem services as a whole showed a spatial divergence pattern of a high value in the southwest and low value in the northeast.③The sensitivity index of all land use types in the Liaohe River Delta was less than 1,indicating that the ESV was inelastic.④The value of ecosystem services in the Liaohe River Delta showed positive spatial coherence.On the whole,the Liaohe River Delta was dominated by HH and LL clusters,with HL clusters mostly distributed at the boundaries of LL clusters and LH clusters distributed at the boundaries of HH clusters.⑤Among the factors influencing the evolution of ESV in the Liaohe River Delta,DEM had the least influence,and HAI had the greatest influence on the ESV,followed by precipitation.The interaction results of all influencing factors had an enhancing effect on the spatial distribution of the ESV,among which HAI and precipitation had the strongest interaction effect,reaching 95.58%.