需要层次理论视域下师范类学生学习动机的激发

Stimulating the Learning Motivation of Normal College Students from the Perspective of the Hierarchy of Needs Theory

调查发现,师范类学生存在选择学习行为困难,容易被其他事情干扰、学习中投入深度和水平不高、学习过程难以坚持、获得感较低等问题,这些因素均会对学生的学习动机产生负面影响。运用马斯洛需要层次理论对激发学生学习动机具有重要的指导意义,教师了解学生的各种需要,可在满足学生需要的过程中激发学生的学习动机,具体策略包括:满足学生的生理和安全需要,防止学习被其他事情干扰;满足学生对爱与尊重的需要,培养良好的意志品质克服学习中的困难;满足学生自我实现的需要,使学生在学习中有获得感和成就感;引导学生深度学习,改善学习投入的深度和水平不高现象。

The survey finds that normal college students have difficulties in choosing learning behavior,are easy to be interfered by other things,have low depth and level of commitment to learning,have difficulty in persevering in the learning process,have a low sense of gain,all of which have a negative effect on their learning motivation.The application of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is of great significance in stimulating students’learning motivation.Teachers understand students’various needs and can stimulate students’learning motivation in the process of satisfying their needs.Specific strategies include:meeting students’needs in physiology and safety to prevent learning from being interrupted by other things;meeting students’needs for love and respect to develop good will to overcome learning difficulties;meeting students’needs for self-fulfillment to give students a sense of gain and achievement in learning;and guiding students to deep learning to improve the phenomenon of low depth and level of learning engagement.