宋代赦免制度的实施及影响探析

The Implementation and Influence of Amnesty System in the Song Dynasty

赦免制度是中国古代司法制度的重要组成部分,深刻影响着封建社会的方方面面。至宋代,赦免制度进一步发展,主要包括大赦、曲赦、德音、录囚四种形式,而大赦作为赦免制度的核心,是其中最有影响力的部分。一方面,赦免作为一种司法特权,破坏了吏治和法治的秩序与公平;另一方面,赦免制度在一定程度上缓解了阶级矛盾,巩固了封建统治的稳定。

The amnesty system was an important part of the ancient Chinese judicial system which profoundly afects all aspects of the feudal society.In the Song Dynasty,the amnesty system was further developed mainly including four forms:Dashe(common amnesty),Qushe(special amnesty),Deyin(emperor's decree)and Luqiu(review the case of a condemned person)and with Dashe,as the core of the amnesty system,being the most influential part of it.On the one hand,amnesty,as a judicial privilege,destroyed the order and fair-ness of the administration and the rule of law,on the other hand,the amnesty system alleviated the class contradiction to some extent and consolidated the stability of the feudal rule.