试论古代中东多元文明的流变及其互鉴

On the Evolution and Mutual Interactions of Ancient Middle Eastern Civilizations

古代中东是多元文明汇聚、碰撞与融合之地。中东古文明的形成主要经历了三个发展时期,华夏和中东两大文明体的历史交往也是中东文明演进的动力,由此构成了古代中东多元文明流变和互鉴的宏大全景图。中东不同时期文明的流变主要借助物资和贸易往来、人口迁徙或流动、科学技术和文化知识的传播为杠杆来实现。交往手段包括和平与暴力两种方式。中东文明流变留给我们的深刻启示是,人类文明是人类的共同成果,文明的演化是一个从低级向高级逐步发展的变化过程,这是历史发展的必然趋势。任何文明都需要在同异质文明的不断对话和交流过程中摄取养分,注入动能和活力,实现自我更新和文明的升华及发扬光大。因此文明交往的本质在于互补和共存,并在相互沟通与融汇中实现共同发展。

The ancient Middle East was a place where different civilizations converged,collided and merged together.The formation of ancient Middle Eastern civilizations mainly went through three development periods,and the historical interactions between ancient Chinese and Middle Eastern civilizations served as a driving force for the evolution of Middle Eastern civilizations.Together,they formed a grand panorama of ancient Middle East,characterized by the exchange and mutual interpenetration of diverse civilizations.The transformation of civilizations in different historical periods of the Middle East was mainly via material and trade exchanges,population migration or mobility,and the dissemination of scientific technology and cultural knowledge.These interactive activities were completed both with peaceful and violent means.The evolution of Middle Eastern civilizations has left a profound inspiration for us:human civilization is the result of collective achievements,and the evolution of civilization is a dynamic and progressive process from lower to higher levels.This is an inevitable trend of historical development.Every civilization needs to absorb nutrients through interpenetrating and exchanging with homogeneous and heterogeneous civilizations.In this process,it will acquire new energy and vitality,and realize self-renewal,refinement,enrichment and flourishment.Therefore,the essence of civilization interaction lies in complementarity and coexistence,and common development can be achieved in mutual communication and integration.