延边“四物乐”的“口音”特征

The"Gueum"Characteristics of Yanbian"Samulnori"

“口音”(■,gueum)伴随朝鲜民族传统乐器演奏而生,是利用口腔模拟乐器发声的呈体系性的声音,并广泛应用于朝鲜族音乐的教学和演奏中。文章以作者的跨界田野工作、“四物乐”研习经历为依据,以延边“四物乐”创始人陈京洙所教授的“口音”系统为研究对象,对其“口音”体系与演奏方法之间的关系进行梳理,对其特征进行“以音示法”“以音定色”“以音代格”“以音和韵”四个方面的论析与结论。“口音”是撬动“四物乐”表演行为系统的关窍,对“四物乐”表演的整体性研究具有重要价值。

"Gueum"("口音")associated with the Korean nationality traditional instruments,is the use of oral simulation instrument the voice of the voice of a system,and is widely applied in the Korean nationality music playing and teaching.Based on the author's cross-boundary field work and study experience of"Samulnori"("四物乐"),this paper takes the"gueum"system taught by Chen Jingzhu,the founder of Yanbian"Samulnori"as the research object,and summarizes the relationship between its"gueum"system and playing methods,and analyzes and concludes its characteristics from four aspects:"indicating method by gueum""determining tone by gueum""representing rule by gueum",and"integrating gueum with rhyme""Gueum"is the key point to move the performance behavior system of"Samulnori",which is of great value to the overall study of"Samulnori"performance.