裸燕麦水提取物抗AD效果及机制初探

Effect and Mechanism of Water Extract of Hulless Oat on Alzheimer's Disease

为探索不同浓度的裸燕麦水提取物对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)小鼠的影响和作用机制。本文采用腹腔注射氯化铝构建AD模型,建模后对50只AD模型小鼠随机分为AD组、多奈哌齐组、裸燕麦水提取物低、中、高剂量组(85%、45%、15%)(N=10),另设空白对照组进行生理盐水灌胃(N=10),所有小鼠连续灌胃给药28 d。干预结束后通过Y迷宫和新物体识别法检测小鼠学习和记忆能力,HE染色法观察小鼠海马组织病理变化,免疫组织化学染色法检测小鼠脑组织中p-Tau、Aβ和GFAP表达水平,采用ELISA法检测IL-1β、TNF-α、SOD、GST和MDA表达水平。Y迷宫和新物体识别结果显示,高浓度裸燕麦水提取物能明显提高小鼠的学习和记忆能力(P<0.05);形态学分析结果显示,高浓度裸燕麦水提取物可显著减少p-Tau、Aβ_(1-42)及GFAP表达水平,进而保护海马神经元。与AD组相比,裸燕麦水提取物高浓度组IL-1β、TNF-α和MDA水平明显降低(P<0.05),SOD、GSH表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。高浓度裸燕麦水提取物可以改善AD小鼠学习记忆能力,其机制可能是抑制星型胶质细胞活化、降低氧化应激水平、减少Aβ_(1-42)及p-Tau表达,从而保护神经元。

To explore the effects and mechanism of hulless oat extract in different concentrations on Alzheimer's disease(AD) mice.AD model was established by intraperitoneal injection of aluminum chloride.After modeling,50 model mice were randomly divided into AD,Donepezil,the water extract of hulless oats lower,middle,and high dose groups(85%,45%,15%)(N=10).Another blank control group was given normal saline intragastric administration(N=10).And continuous intragastric administrated for 28 days.The learning and memory abilities of mice were tested by Y maze and new object recognition.The histopathologic changes of mice hippocampus were observed by HE staining.The expression levels of p-Tau,Aβ_(1-42) and GFAP were detected by immunohistochemical staining,and the expression levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,SOD,GST and MDA were detected by ELISA.Y maze and new object recognition results showed that high concentration of hulless oat extract could significantly improve the learning and memory ability of mice(P <0.05).Morphological results showed that high concentration of hulless oat extract could significantly reduce the expression levels of p-Tau,Aβ_(1-42) and GFAP,and protect hippocampal neurons.Compared with AD group,the levels of IL-1γ,TNF-α and MDA in oat water extract high concentration group were significantly decreased(P <0.05).The expression levels of SOD and GSH were significantly increased(P<0.05).High concentration of hulless oat extract may improve the learning and memory ability of AD mice,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of astrocytes,reducing the level of oxidative stress,reducing the expression of Aβ and p-Tau,and protecting neuron.