僵蚕与其掺伪品鉴别方法的研究

Research on Identification of Bombyx Batryticatus and Adulterants

为探索僵蚕与其掺伪品的鉴别方法。本研究通过样品形态、质地、断面和气味特征,对僵蚕及其掺伪品进行性状描述;采用光学显微技术比较僵蚕与掺伪品体表被有的白色粉霜状物的区别;用稀盐酸与僵蚕体表被有的白色粉霜状物反应,判断僵蚕与其掺伪品的真伪;采用薄层色谱法,以硅胶G为固定相,以石油醚(60~90℃)-丙酮(7:3)为展开剂,置365nm紫外灯下检视,对僵蚕与掺伪品甲醇提取物进行鉴别。结果表明,与正品僵蚕比较,通过性状鉴别,掺伪品可分为3类,通过光学显微镜检查,部分样品中检出淀粉粒,部分样品呈碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐阳性反应,部分样品的薄层色谱特征存在明显差异。该方法快速、易操作、专属性良好,为僵蚕的鉴别方法提供参考。

In order to explored the identification method between Bombyx Batryticatus and Adulterants.In this study the characters of Bombyx Batryticatus and adulterants were described by morphology,texture,sction and odor of samples.The difference between Bombyx Batryticatus and adulterants was compared by optical microscopy for the white powder frost on the surface of Bombyx Batryticatus.The difference between Bombyx Batryticatus and Adulterants was compared by the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with white powder frosting on the surface of Bombyx Batryticatus.Using silica gel G as stationary phase and petroleum ether(60~90℃)-acetone(7:3) as developing agent,thin layer chromatography was used to identify the methanol extracts of Bombyx Batryticatus and Adulterants.Compared with Bombyx Batryticatus,the adulterants are divided into 3 categories throngh character identification.Starch granules were detected in some adulterated products by optical microscopy.Some white powder frosts on the surface of some adulterated products show positive reaction of carbonate or bicarbonate.By TLC identification,the TLC characteristics of some adulterated products are obviously different.The method is fast,easy to operate and specific.It can provide reference for improving the identification method of Bombyx Batryticatus.