以诗意为旨归——论作为诗人的汪曾祺

A Study of Wang Zengqi as a Poet

诗在汪曾祺的艺术生命中占据着重要位置。在自述中,汪曾祺的文学创作是从诗歌起步的。20世纪40年代,汪曾祺的新诗创作多种风格并存,除了自称“有点朦胧”、多受象征主义影响的现代主义风格外,还有平实通俗的现实主义风格,以及重抒情的浪漫主义风格。这些诗融入了汪曾祺个体化和私密化的生命体验,展现了被小说、散文盛名所遮蔽的诗情和才气,同时富有试验特征的“少作”也为他走向成熟奠定了基础。此外,诗歌之于汪曾祺,不只是意味着文学生涯的起点,更重要的是感受和思考的起点,他不仅将诗意视作贯穿一生的追求,并且将诗歌的理念和技巧融入小说创作,使小说呈现出“向诗倾斜”的特征,积极推动了小说体式的多元化发展。

Poetry occupies an important position in Wang Zengqi's artistic life;as narrated in his autobiogra⁃phy,his literary creation began with poetry.Many styles coexisted in his new poetry creation in the 1940s,for be⁃sides the modernist style which claimed to be"a bit hazy"and much influenced by symbolism,there was also a plain and popular realism style,as well as a romantic style that emphasized emotions.These poems have integrated Wang Zengqi's individualized and private life experiences,and showed his poetic sentiments and talent overshad⁃owed by his fame in novels and prose.At the same time,the youth creation with experimental characteristics has also laid a foundation for his maturity.In addition,for Wang Zengqi,poetry not only signifies the starting point of literary career,but above all the starting point of feeling and thinking,for he has not only regarded poetic beauty as his lifelong pursuit,but also integrated the concpets and skills of poetry into novel creation,thus having endowed the novel with the traits of"inclination tworads poetry"and actively promoted the diversified development of novel styles.