雅里“啪嗒学”:悖论与现代性冲突

Alfred Jarry's"Pataphysique":Paradox and Modernity Conflict

19世纪末法国作家阿尔弗雷德·雅里把男孩子的想象力运用于哲学思考中,自创“啪嗒学”,在全球范围内产生深远影响。在《啪嗒学家浮士德若尔的功绩和思想》里,雅里为“啪嗒学”明确三个定义。雅里对“啪嗒学”的坚持,不只停留在著述中,日常生活中他也戴着“怪物”面具坚持“愚比式”的姿态,表现出“啪嗒学”的悖论结构——不和谐的元素互相碰撞、彼此共存。在这一结构中,“啪嗒学”突破其批判19世纪末戏谑或嘲讽形而上学的目标,成为一种独特的文学—哲学现象,为审视现代性冲突寻到一条特别的道路。

At the end of the 19th century,the French writer Alfred Jarry applied the imagination of boys to philosophical thinking and created"Pataphysique",which had a far-reaching impact on the world.In Exploits and Opinions of Doctor Faustroll,Pataphysician,Jarry defined three definitions of"Pataphysique".Jarry's insistence on"Pataphysique"is not only limited to his writings,but also in his daily life,for he wore a"monster"mask and adhered to a"dumbfounded"posture,thus demonstrating the paradoxical structure of"Pataphysique"—the collison and coexistence of disharmonious elements with each other.In this structure,"Pataphysique"has broken through its goal of criticizing metaphysics by mocking or satiring it at the end of the 19th century and has become a unique lit⁃erary and philosophical phenomenon,thereby finding a special path to examine the conflict of modernity.