谁能返乡再就业——来自回流人口工作分化的微观证据

Who can Return Home and Achieve Reemployment——Micro-Evidences from the Job Differentiation of Returning Population

让返乡人才“回得来、留得住、用得好”是实现乡村振兴的重要保障。基于中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS),梳理回流人口的工作分化情况,实证分析回流人口工作性质分化的影响因素和影响机制,并进一步研究工作收入分化的原因。研究发现:(1)外地创业经历能促进返乡创业,发达地区务工经历、回流地较好的产业发展水平显著有利于回流人口返乡再就业;(2)回流地的产业发展主要通过提供非农就业机会促进返乡再就业;(3)市场环境和政策差异是造成回流人口工作收入分化的最主要因素。

To guarantee the realization of rural revitalization needs the policies for properly attracting and retaining returning talents.Based on the data of CHFS,this paper combed the job dfferentiation situation of returning population,and empirically analyzed its influencing factors and mechanisms.Furthermore,the paper explored the causes of wage differentiation.The research findings were as follows.(1)The population having entrepreneurial experiences were more likely to return home and start a business.The population returning from developed regions,or returning to the regions having a better industrial development level,were more apt to return home and achieve reemployment.(2)The industrial development of hometowns would promote the decisions of returning home and help to achieve reemployment mainly by providing non-agricultural employment opportunities.(3)Market environment and differentiated policies were predominant factors causing the job and wage dfferentiation of returning population.