语言学专科辞书的术语组织研究——基于5部语言学百科词典的比较

On the Organization of Terms in Specialized Encyclopedia of Linguistics——Based on the Comparative Research of Five Encyclopedia of Linguistics

本文以我国上世纪90年代以来出版的5部语言学专科辞书为研究对象,从词目的知识组织体系、多义术语及其翻译等角度对所收录术语做了调查。研究发现上述辞书普遍存在术语收录层次混乱、词目体系性与完整性缺乏、多义术语分类归属困难以及术语翻译错误等问题。在此基础上,本文结合词典学与术语学理论,论证辞书宏观结构对上述5部辞书选词立目方面的正负面影响,并在《语言学与应用语言学百科全书》的宏观结构的基础上提出多维立体宏观结构观,同时也提出专科辞书的编纂不仅仅是资料汇总,更需要语言学专业学者深入介入研编工作。

This paper takes five specialized encyclopedias published in China since the 1990s as the research object,and makes an investigation of the lemma from the system of knowledge organization,polysemy terms and their translation.It is found that there are many problems and errors in the said dictionaries,such as confusion in terms,lack of systematization and completeness of terms,difficulty in classification and mistranlations of polysemy terms.On this basis,combining the theory of lexicology and terminology,the paper demonstrates how macroscopic structure of the dictionaries influence the selection of lemma in the encyclopedia compiling,and put forward multi-dimensional view of macroscopic structure of dictionary on the basis of the Encyclopedia of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics.At the same time,it proposes the specialized dictionaries compilation is not only a job of summarization of materials,it is more necessary for linguistics scholars to be deeply involved in research and compilation.