类器官在放射治疗中应用的研究进展

Advances in research on the application of organoids in radiotherapy

随着核能在军事、科研和医学各个领域的广泛应用,放射医学已成为一门重要的学科。迄今为止,放射医学的研究大多使用细胞模型和动物模型,然而这两种模型都有其局限性,类器官模型的出现填补了这些传统模型留下的空白。类器官是源自组织干细胞的3D体外培养系统,类器官因其具有与原始组织相似的结构、功能和遗传特征而被广泛应用于放射医学、疾病研究、药物开发和癌症建模等领域。本综述按放射治疗部位介绍了各种类器官模型在放射治疗中的研究应用,并对类器官模型目前的局限性及未来前景进行相关论述。

With the extensive applications of nuclear energy in the military,scientific research,and medical fields,radiological medicine has developed into a significant discipline.So far,studies of radiology have been conducted mostly using cell and animal models,both of which have limitations.Organoids,as 3D in vitro culture systems derived from tissue stem cells,have filled the gap left by these conventional models.They have been widely applied in review,disease research,drug development,and cancer modeling since their structures,functions,and genetic characteristics are akin to those of primary tissues.This review presents the applications of organoid models of various organ types in radiotherapy,as well as the limitations and prospects of organoids.