心口不一:“双减”背景下一个城市中等生家庭的教育选择

Double Standard:an Urban Family's Educational Choice Under“Double Reduction”Policy

在“双减”背景下,校外培训受到严格监管和限制,却仍有家庭选择校外补习。基于对一个中等生家庭的深度访谈,研究发现“双减”政策伴随着诸多复杂的非预期结果。中等生家长在口头上支持“双减”政策,却仍然想方设法地为孩子寻找校外补习的暗渠,通过增加孩子学业负担的方式减轻自己的心理负担。在高竞争性、排斥性的升学制度、学校的减负落实虚化、机构隐秘补习以及家长教育焦虑叠加的影响下,中等生的父母更加忧心孩子的未来。只有从社会分配体系入手,持续缩小社会各个阶层之间的差异、体制内外的差异、不同区域发展的差异、体力劳动与脑力劳动的差异,辅之以加大力度发展职业技术教育,基础教育阶段的家长也才敢松一口气。增强家长对孩子未来多元发展空间的信心,是减轻家长心理负担和不安全感、继而减轻青少年学业压力的关键所在。

Despite the severe restrictions on out-of-school tutoring under the“Double Reduction”policy,some families still choose to take tuition outside of school.Based on indepth interviews with a secondary student's family,the study discovers the“Double Reduction”policy is accompanied by a number of complex unanticipated consequences.Parents of secondary students verbally supported the“Double Reduction”policy,but still manage to provide their children with off-campus tutoring as a way to reduce their psychological burden by increasing children's academic load.Influenced by the highly competitive and exclusionary schooling system,the vague implementation of school load reduction,secret out-of-school tutoring and the superposition of parents'educational anxiety,parents of secondary students become more worried about their children's future.Parents of primary education students can only breathe a sigh of relief if the country starts with the social distribution system and continue narrowing the gap between the various strata of society,the inside and outside of the system,the development of different regions,and the gap between physical and mental work,complemented by stepping up efforts to develop vocational and technical education.In the end,increasing parents'confidence in their children's future diversity is the key to reducing parents'psychological burden and insecurity and consequently,reducing teenagers'academic stress.