《父母的心》中的儒学思想探析

Research on Confucianism in Kawabata Yasunari′s The Heart of Parents

川端康成自幼受到儒学思想的熏陶,其短篇小说《父母的心》讲述了一对夫妻因生活窘迫,将三个孩子相继送出,又先后要回的故事。全篇简洁流畅的叙事背后闪耀着儒学长子继承、孝顺父母、慈爱子女的仁爱思想光芒。贫穷夫妻的相处方式正是儒学提倡的“夫义妇顺”的家庭伦理。基于长子继承的家业继承观念,他们将已然送出的大儿子又要了回来;因保有对婆婆的一颗孝顺之心,他们将送出去的、长得像婆婆的二儿子要回;因对三女儿的慈爱之心,使之又将三女儿要回;财主夫人同意了这对夫妇的“反悔”行为,让他们一家团聚,是仁爱之心使然,更是儒学和谐向善价值观的体现。

In his short story The Heart of Parents Kawabata Yasunari,who has been influenced by Confucianism since his childhood,tells the story of a couple who,due to a lack of means,sends their three children away one after another and then asks for them back.Behind the simple and smooth narrative,which is free from distractions,shines the light of Confucianism′s family ethics of"husband's righteousness and woman′s obedience",the inheritance of the eldest son,filial piety to parents,loving children and benevolence.The poor couple′s way of getting along with each other is exactly the family ethics of"husband's righteousness and woman′s obedience"advocated by Confucianism;based on the concept of inheritance of the family business as the eldest son,they take back the eldest son they have already given away;because of their filial piety to their mother-in-law,they take back the second son they have given away,who looks like their mother-in-law;because of their love for the third daughter,they take back the third daughter;and because of the wealth and love of their parents,they take back the third daughter.The rich man's wife agreed to the couple′s"reversal"and reunited them as a family,which was the result of their kindness and love,but also a reflection of Confucian values of harmony and goodness.