国家级新区设立与土地利用效率——基于中国70个大中城市的实证研究

Establishment of State-Level New Areas and Land Use Efficiency:An Empirical Study Based on 70 Large and Medium-Sized Cities in China

国家级新区作为体制机制创新的国家战略区域,对推动区域生产要素高效利用具有重要意义。基于2003—2021年中国70个大中城市的面板数据,结合双重差分模型和空间双重差分模型分析国家级新区设立对土地利用效率的影响及其时空异质性。研究发现:首先,国家级新区对土地利用效率具有显著且至少持续10年的提升效应,但它会随时间的推移呈现下降趋势;其次,国家级新区对行政等级较高或位于东部地区的城市的土地利用效率提升效应较小,同时可显著提升周边150—250 km范围内城市的土地利用效率;最后,机制分析表明国家级新区通过创新效应、结构效应和集聚效应三重路径对土地利用效率产生正向影响。

As a national strategic area for institutional innovation,state-level new areas are of great significance in promoting the efficient utilization of regional production factors.Based on the panel data of 70 large and medium-sized cities in China from 2003 to 2021,this paper empirically examined the impact of the establishment of state-level new areas on urban land use efficiency and its spatio-temporal heterogeneity using the difference-in-difference and spatial difference-in-difference methods.The results show that:firstly,state-level new areas have a significant and sustained improvement effect on land use efficiency for at least 10 years,but it shows a downward trend over time;secondly,state-level new areas have a relatively small impact on improving land use efficiency in cities with higher administrative levels or located in the eastern region,and can significantly improve the land use efficiency of cities within the surrounding 150-250 km range;finally,mechanism analysis shows that state-level new areas positively affect land use efficiency through the triple path of innovation effect,structural effect and agglomeration effect.