论生成式人工智能侵权的责任主体——以集体主义为视角

Discussion on the Subject of Tort Liability in Generative Artificial Intelligence:A Collectivist Perspective

生成式人工智能的快速发展与模糊的责任主体之间形成了巨大的责任鸿沟。生成式人工智能的多方参与者加剧了责任主体的不确定性,故有必要审视现有法律规范框架。侵权法所贯彻个人主义思想的侵权责任规范仍有适用空间,但适用范围有限。生成式人工智能侵权的救济思维应当转向集体主义视角。尊重技术逻辑构建机器/人-机联合体,并依托侵权场景的类型化搭建多元责任主体的识别路径,进而在联合体内部将责任与经济利益相绑定,以此实现责任分配。

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence and its blurry attribution of liability has created a big responsibility gap.The involvement of multiple parties in generative artificial intelligence exacerbates the uncertainty of responsibility,therefore it is necessary to examine the existing legal normative framework.In some cases,the self-liability principle can still be applied with a limited scope.A shift for generative artificial intelligence infringements should move towards a collective perspective.Respecting the technical logic can help form a joint agency,the generative artificial intelligence tort liability is diverse and should be examined in conjunction with various tort scenarios,liability regress can be achieved by tying the link between liability with economic interests in the members who will be held for liability by shares.