城乡金融发展梯度差异对农村居民收入的效应研究

Research on the effect of Urban-Rural Financial Development Gradient Difference on Rural Residents’income

文章针对金融发展理论中,对“城市金融发展”的外溢性金融行为重视不够的现实,基于“城市金融发展”与“农村金融发展”的双重视角,运用2003—2021年省级面板数据,探究城乡金融发展梯度差异对农村居民收入的影响。研究发现(:1)基准模型回归中,城市金融发展比农村金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入。(2)门槛效应研究发现,以城市吸纳劳动力数量(Labor)作为门槛变量时存在单一门槛,当低于门槛值时,农村金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入。当高于门槛值时,城市金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入;以经济发展(PGDP)作为门槛变量时存在双重门槛,当低于第一门槛值时,农村金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入。当高于第一门槛值低于第二门槛值时,城市金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入。当高于第二门槛值时,农村金融发展更有利于提高农村居民收入。(3)空间效应分析发现,从全国层面上看,周边地区的城市金融发展有助于提高本地区农村居民收入;分区域看,在中部和西部地区,周边地区城市金融发展均有助于提高本地区农村居民收入。为此,应推动城市金融发展并且坚持农村金融发展,最终实现“共同富裕”的发展目标。

Given the insufficient attention to the spillover financial behavior of“urban financial development”in the theory of financial development,this paper,based on dual perspectives of“urban financial development”and“rural financial development,”utilizes provincial panel data from 2003 to 2021 to investigate the impact of the gradient difference in urban and rural financial development on the income of rural residents.The study found that,(1)in the benchmark model regression,urban financial development is more conducive to improving the income of rural residents than rural financial development.(2)The study on the threshold effect finds a single threshold when the number of urban labor is used as the threshold variable.When it is lower than the threshold value,rural financial development is more conducive to improving the income of rural residents.There are double thresholds when economic development is used as the threshold variable.When it is lower than the first threshold,rural financial development is more conducive to raising the income of rural residents.When it is higher than the first threshold and lower than the second threshold,urban financial development is more conducive to raising the income of rural residents.When it is higher than the second threshold,rural financial development is more conducive to raising the income of rural residents.(3)Spatial effect analysis found that,at the national level,urban financial development in the surrounding areas contributes to increasing the income of rural residents in the region.In the central and western regions,the development of urban finance in the surrounding areas helps increase the income of rural residents in the region.Therefore,there is a need to promote urban financial development and adhere to rural financial development to ultimately achieve the goal of“common prosperity.”