不同水平钙肥对设施生姜生长、产量和根茎品质的影响

Effects of different levels of calcium fertilizer on the growth,yield,and rhizome quality of ginger in facilities cultivation

以莱芜大姜为试材,通过温室盆栽试验,采用根际增施的方法研究2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0、12.5 g·株^(-1)5个不同水平Ca(NO_(3))_(2)对生姜生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,增施外源Ca(NO_(3))_(2)促进了生姜的生长,提高了叶片色素含量、净光合速率及根茎的产量和品质。其中Ca(NO3)2施用量≥7.5 g·株^(-1)时与不施钙(CK)相比对生姜有显著的促长增产和提质作用,在10.0 g·株^(-1)时效果最显著,采收期生姜叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率较CK显著提高21.44%和34.37%,单株产量显著增加44.22%;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸及维生素C含量分别显著提高28.13%、36.52%、19.15%和17.49%。Ca(NO_(3))_(2)施入量在12.5 g·株^(-1)时促进作用减弱。综上所述,试验范围内外源Ca(NO_(3))_(2)均促进了生姜生长和产量增加,改善了生姜根茎品质,以外源钙施用量为10.0 g·株^(-1)时,更利于提高生姜产量和品质。

In the present work,ginger cultivar Laiwu ginger was used as the test material,a greenhouse①pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 different levels(2.5,5.0,7.5,10.0 and 12.5 g·plant^(-1))of Ca(NO_(3))_(2) on growth,yield and the quality of ginger by adding it to the rhizosphere.The results showed that exogenous Ca(NO_(3))_(2) appli-cation promoted the growth of ginger,increased leaf pigment content,net photosynthetic rate,and rhizomes’yield and quality.When the Ca(NO_(3))_(2) applied dosage was≥7.5 g·plant^(-1),it had a significant effect on ginger growth,yield,and quality improvement.And the promoting effect was most significant at 10.0 g·plant^(-1).At the harvest period,compared with no applying Ca(NO_(3))_(2)(CK),the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of ginger leaves increased by 21.44% and 34.37%,respectively,and the yield increased by 44.22%;the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,amino acids,and vitamin C increased by 28.13%,36.52%,19.15%,and 17.49%,respectively.In summary,exogenous Ca(NO_(3))_(2) within the experimental range promoted the growth and yield of ginger,improved the quality of ginger rhizomes.The treatment with exogenous Ca(NO_(3))_(2) application rate of 10.0 g·plant^(-1) was more conducive to improving yield and quality.