公平竞争审查制度、要素供给与企业数字化水平

Fair Competition Review System,Factor Supply With Enterprise Digitalization Level

数字经济已成为推动经济发展和社会变革的重要引擎,公平竞争审查制度为企业数字化转型提供了公平竞争的市场环境。本文基于2007—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,运用双重差分模型实证检验了公平竞争审查制度对企业数字化水平的影响及其作用机制。研究结果显示:公平竞争审查制度显著提升了企业数字化水平;公平竞争审查制度对企业数字化水平的影响在非国有企业、制造业企业和公平竞争审查制度实施力度强的地区更明显;公平竞争审查制度通过增加技术、人才、资本和数据要素供给提升企业数字化水平;公平竞争审查制度与税收优惠政策和政府补贴政策之间有显著的政策协同效应。本文对加快企业数字化转型、推动要素市场变革和促进竞争政策与产业政策协同发展具有一定启示意义。

Summary:With the continuous iteration and in⁃depth application of new generation digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence,the digital economy is becoming an important engine to promote economic development and social change.Enterprise digitalization is the basis for realizing Digital China and high⁃quality economic development.However,due to the impact of local protectionism and market segmentation,the supply of factors is insufficient,which slows down the digitalization of enterprises.Fair competition review system has fundamentally changed the competitive environment of the domestic market and has an important impact on the supply of factors.Whether and how does fair competition review system affect enterprise digitalization level?Based on the data of Chinese A⁃share listed companies from 2007 to 2020,this paper uses a difference⁃in⁃differences(DID)model to empirically test the impact of fair competition review system on enterprise digitization level and its mechanism.The results show that fair competition review system significantly improves the enterprises digitalization level,and this facilitating effect still holds after a series of robustness tests and endogeneity discussions.The influence of fair competition review system on enterprise digitization level is more significant in non⁃state⁃owned enterprises and manufacturing enterprises.Meanwhile,strengthening the implementation of the fair competition review system will improve the policy effect.Fair competition review system improves enterprises digitalization level by increasing the supply of technology,talent,capital and data factors.There are significant policy synergies between fair competition review system with preferential tax policies and government subsidy policies.This paper has reference for accelerating the digital transformation of enterprises,deepening the reform of factor market and promoting the coordinated development between competition policy with industrial policy.Compared with previous literature,the marginal contributions of this paper are summarized in the following three aspects.Firstly,the paper analyzes the impact of fair competition review system on enterprise digitization level.This paper analyzes the influence of factor supply brought about by fair competition on enterprise digitalization level,and complements relevant literature on enterprises’digital transformation path.Secondly,this paper analyzes the synergistic effect of competition policy and industrial policy in promoting enterprise digitalization.It is found that industrial policy tools such as ex ante subsidies and tax incentives have stronger synergies with competition policy,which provides practical basis for promoting enterprise digitalization through optimizing fair competition review system and industrial policy.Finally,this paper provides a new instrumental variable,the shortest distance between regional capitals and Ming Dynasty canals,for the study of administrative monopoly and market segmentation.