“自洗钱”行为的认定与罪数处断问题研究

Research on the Recognition and Punishment of the Number of Crimes in"Self Money Laundering"

洗钱罪的本质在于为犯罪所得及其收益披上“合法”的外衣,实现赃钱、黑钱的安全循环使用,从而获取更大的经济收益,这同样也应当是我国洗钱罪认定的核心。对于上游犯罪本犯在上游犯罪的交易过程中,利用自己或第三人银行账户接收犯罪所得的行为,应审慎认定为“自洗钱”。对犯罪所得及其收益的处分使用行为,需要根据行为的具体性质进行分析,只要实施了“漂白”行为,利用在此过程中造成的信息复杂和缺失阻碍了司法机关追查资金流向,就可以认定为洗钱行为。对于洗钱罪与上游犯罪竞合的适用问题,立足于自洗钱入罪的刑事立法目的和提升反洗钱的司法效果,应当实行数罪并罚。

The essence of the crime of money laundering lies in putting a"legal"coat on the criminal proceeds and their proceeds,realizing the safe and circular use of stolen and black money,and obtaining greater economic benefits.This should also be the core of the determination of money laundering in China.The act of using one's own or a third party's bank account to receive proceeds of crime during the transaction process of upstream crimes should be prudently recognized as self money laundering.The disposal and use of criminal proceeds and their proceeds need to be analyzed based on the specific nature of the behavior.As long as the"bleaching"behavior is carried out and the complexity and lack of information caused by this process hinder the judicial authorities from investigating the flow of funds,it can be recognized as money laundering behavior.For the issue of the concurrent application of money laundering and upstream crimes,based on the criminal legislative purpose of criminalizing self money laundering and improving the judicial effectiveness of anti money laundering,a combination of multiple crimes should be implemented.