论汉语的基本结构方式与民族智慧

The Fundamental Structure of Chinese Language and Its Reflection of Chinese National Wisdom

对复合的深刻认识和广泛运用是中华民族智慧的一种体现。汉语的基本结构方式就是复合。汉语是单音语素显赫的语言,单音语素语言的发展首选的必然是两两复合,即通常所说的双音化。复合结构内部的连接不靠成系统的语法标记,而是靠语义、韵律、结构关系等吸引力。复合是主谓、述宾、定中等句法关系的基底。两两复合是融经济性、区别性、联系性于一体的“双线索”结构。

The deep understanding and extensive application of Chinese compound structures(including compound words,phrases,and sentences)is a reflection of Chinese national wisdom.Compounding can be seen as the fundamental structure of Chinese language.Chinese is a language rich in monosyllabic morphemes,so compounding,i.e.,bisyllablization(the formation of two-syllable structures),is necessarily the developing trend of monosyllabic languages.Connection within Chinese compound structures depends on interior semantic,metrical connections or syntagmatic relations instead of systematic grammatical markers in the structure.Compounding is the foundation of sentence-structure relations such as subjectpredicate,predicate-object,modifier-head relations,etc.The formation of two-syllable structures in Chinese language is actually a double-procedure structure integrating effectiveness,distinctiveness,and relevance.