艾滋病非刑罪化视阈下我国防控策略的伦理思考

Ethical Reflections on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Prevention and Control Strategies in China from the Perspec-tive of Decriminalization

审视我国现有法规对艾滋病防控的影响,剖析其在维护个体权益与促进公共卫生平衡中的挑战,以实证案例和艾滋病悖论为切入点,分析艾滋病刑事定罪涉及的伦理问题,提出科学、伦理和法律方面的应对策略。强调将艾滋病病毒传播作为一个公共卫生问题加以解决是最为有效的手段。在法规制定和司法实践中,应纳入科学事实和医学证据,避免过于宽泛的刑事定罪。在决策过程中,应全面考量生命伦理学原则,最大限度避免可能的交叉歧视、多重污名以及暴力伤害。此外,还应重视公共卫生视角下的补充或替代方案,确保干预措施积极有效。

This study examines the impact of current regulations in China on human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)prevention and control,dissecting their challenges in safeguarding individual rights and promoting a balance in public health.Using empirical cases and the HIV/AIDS paradox as entry points,the paper analyzes the ethical issues related to criminalization of HIV/AIDS transmission,proposing scientific,ethical,and legal strategies.This paper emphasizes that treating the transmission of the HIV virus as a public health issue is the most effective approach.In the formulation of regulations and judicial practices,integration of scientific facts and medical evidence is essential to avoid overly broad criminalization.In decision-making processes,a comprehensive consideration of principles from bioethics is crucial to minimize potential cross-discrimination,intersectional stigma,and violent harm.Additionally,there should be a focus on complementary or alternative approaches from a public health perspective to ensure proactive and effective interventions.