从心理需要视角看社会心态治理

Governance of Social Mentality:From the Perspective of Psychological Needs

心理需要影响社会行为,是国家治理实践和社会心态治理必须尊重的客观存在。民众的心理需要在个体和群体层面均体现为从解决心理问题到体验美好生活的连续体,一端为解决心理健康问题,另一端为对美好生活向往的心理需要满足。社会心理服务是满足人民群众心理需要的重要举措,也是社会心态治理的重要抓手,但当前社会心理服务的研究和实践主要侧重于心理健康问题发生后个体层面的应对,无法满足心理需要连续体的客观需要。我国在社会治理实践中应当充分尊重多层次、有指向、可把握、应遵循的心理需要,重视并抓好完善体制机制、加强科学传播、重视专业培训、了解利益诉求和支持系统研究五项关键任务。

Psychological needs affect social behavior,which is an objective existence that must be respected in the practice of national governance and the governance of social mentality.People's psychological needs are represented by a continuum that runs from solving psychological problems to living a better life at both the individual and group levels.Dealing with mental health issues is one goal,meeting rich life experiences is the other.Public psychological services are an important policy to meet people's psychological needs,and also an important starting point for the governance of social psychology.However,the current research and practice of public psychological services mainly focus on the mental health problems at the individual level,and is unable to address the whole range of psychological needs.In our country's social governance practice,we should fully respect the psychological needs of multi-level,directed,grasped and should be followed.We should attach importance to and do a good job in the five key tasks:bolstering the management mechanisms of public psychological services,enhancing scientific communication,improving civil servants'psychological training,understanding interest claims and supporting interdisciplinary research.