多元化健康教育对GDM孕妇胰岛素应用依从性影响

Effects of the diversified health education for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus on their insulin administration compliance

目的:探讨多元化健康宣传教育对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇胰岛素应用依从性的影响。方法:纳入2021年1月-2023年1月本院产科收治的104例GDM孕妇进,随机数字表法分为对照组(52例,常规护理干预),观察组(52例,常规护理干预结合多元化健康宣教干预,干预至分娩,统计孕妇胰岛素应用依从性率、入院待产时血糖相关指标、自我管理评价量表(GDMS)评分、GDM健康知识掌握评分、生活质量量表(GDMQ)评分,妊娠结局及孕妇干预满意率。结果:观察组胰岛素应用依从性率(98.1%)高于对照组(86.5%),入院待产时糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖与餐后2h血糖均低于对照组;干预后两组GDMS评分、GDM疾病健康知识掌握评分、GDMQ评分均得到改善,且观察组(85.34±3.94分、35.23±0.95分、78.24±5.82分)均优于对照组(63.23±4.74分、32.12±1.52分、51.25±6.23分)(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产率(23.1%)、妊娠期高血压疾病发生率(0)、新生儿低血糖发生率(0)均低于对照组(44.2%、7.7%、7.7%),孕妇干预满意率(96.2%)高于对照组(80.8%)(均P<0.05)。结论:多元化健康宣教可有效提升GDM孕妇胰岛素应用依从性,较好降低了孕妇血糖水平,提升孕妇自我管理能力、GDM疾病健康知识掌握度及生活质量,改善妊娠结局,提升了孕妇满意率。

Objective:To explore the effects of the diversified health education for pregnant women with gestational dia-betes(GDM)on their insulin compliance.Methods:A total of 104 pregnant women with GDM were included and were divided into two groups by random number table method from January 2021 to January 2023.52 women in the control group were given routine nursing intervention till delivery,and 52 women in the observation group were given routine nursing intervention combined with diversified health education intervention till delivery.The compliance rate of the in-sulin application,the blood glucose related indicators values at admitted to the hospital for delivery,the scores of self-management evaluation scale(GDMS),GDM health knowledge and quality of life questionnaire(GDMQ),the pregnancy outcomes and the satisfaction rate of the women in the two groups were counted.Results:The compliance rate of the insulin application(98.1%)of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that(86.5%)of the women in the control group.The levels of the glycosylated hemoglobin,the fasting blood glucose and the postpran-dial 2 h blood glucose of the women in the observation group at admitted to hospital for delivery were significantly low-er than those of the women in the control group.After intervention,The scores of GDMS,acquisition of health knowl-edge of GDM and GDMQ of the women in the two groups had improved significantly,and which(85.34±3.94 points,35.23±0.95 points and 78.24±5.82 points)of the women in the observation group were significantly better than those(63.23±4.74 points,32.12±1.52 points and 51.25±6.23 points)of the women in the control group(P<0.05).The rates of cesarean section(23.1%),the gestational hypertension disease(0)and the neonatal hypoglycemia(0)of the women in the observation group were significantly lower than those(44.2%,7.7%and 7.7%)of the women in the control group.The intervention satisfaction(96.2%)of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that(80.8%)of the women in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The diversified health education for the pregnant women with GDM can effectively improve their compliance of insulin application,reduce their blood glu-cose level,improve their self-management ability and mastering the health knowledge of GDM,increase their quality of life,and improve their pregnancy outcomes and their satisfaction.