川南丘陵山地种草养畜“长宁模式”初探

A preliminary study on the“Changning Model”of growing grass and raising livestock in the hilly areas of southern Sichuan

种草养畜是农业农村现代化发展中一种结合种植业和养殖业的生态农业模式。四川畜牧业产值占农业总产值的39.4%,全省70%的耕地集中在川东南丘陵地区,分布零散,饲草种植业起步较晚,在川南丘陵区发展区域性种养结合,对于实现土地资源的充分利用、产业振兴、增产增收具有重要意义。本文从川南长宁县2016-2020年间草食家畜结构变化及饲草种植现状入手,从饲草品种选择角度为适宜当地的草田轮作种植模式提出了建议;从养殖规模及市场成本分析发现,建立肉牛饲草供应基地可为养殖户增收近700元/头·年;而从环境保护角度发现,畜禽粪污还田可消纳粪污2~4t/年·667m2,可为川南丘陵地区提升种草养畜发展质量提供参考。

Planting grass and raising livestock is an ecological agricultural model combining planting and breeding in the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.The output value of animal husbandry accounts for 39.4%of the total agricultural output value in Sichuan province.70%of the cultivated land in Sichuan province is concentrated in the hilly area of southeast Sichuan province,which is scattered.The forage grass planting industry started late.Based on the changes in the structure of herbivorous livestock and the current situation of for⁃age planting in Changning County,southern Sichuan province from 2016 to 2020,this paper put forward suggestions for the suitable local forage rotation cropping mode from the perspective of forage variety selection.From the analysis of breeding scale and market cost,it was found that the establishment of beef cattle forage supply base could increase the income of farmers by nearly 700 yuan/head·year.From the Angle of environmental protection,it was found that returning livestock and poultry manure to the field could absorb 2~4t/mu of ma⁃nure,which could provide reference for improving the development quality of grass and livestock in south Hilly area of Sichuan Province.