从社区发展、社会发展到人类发展--一个发展人类学的视角

From Community Development,Social Development to Human Development--A Perspective of Development Anthropology

通过对战后发展理论的简单梳理,列出发展的基本问题。并从战后的发展实践,介绍了社区发展、社会发展和人类发展三个阶段,体现出从早期战后恢复和现代化愿景下的经济发展到追求全面的社会发展,再到全球问题下的人类发展,表明发展问题已经深入影响和困扰着整个人类世界。这三个发展阶段也伴随着发展人类学的形成与演变:从早期应用人类学和行动人类学参与发展实践,到人类学对发展主义的批评以及发展人类学的形成,再到走在发展理论的前沿,人类学已经深度参与到人类发展的行动实践和理论研究之中。

The basic issues of development are listed through a brief overview of post-war development theories.From the post-war development practice,community development,social development and human development these three stages are introduced,which are reflecting the transition from early economic development under the vision of post-war recovery to the pursuit of comprehensive social development in view of modernization,and then to human development under the global issues.The issue of development has deeply impacted and plagued the whole world of mankind.These three stages of development have also been accompanied by the formation and evolution of development anthropology:from the early involvement of applied anthropology and action anthropology in the practice of development to the formation of development anthropology and its gradual and deep involvement in the practical and theoretical study of development,thus imperceptibly the Development Anthropology has been at the forefront of theoretical research on development.