临床医学专业毕业生综合能力评价及影响因素研究

Research on evaluation of comprehensive ability and influencing factors of graduates in clinical medicine

目的调查西安某医学院校临床医学专业毕业生的综合能力及影响因素,为完善临床医学专业学生培养模式、提高其综合能力提供科学依据。方法以《中国本科医学教育标准——临床医学专业(2016版)》为参考,自行设计含有4个维度62个条目的《临床医学专业毕业生综合能力评价问卷》;采用随机抽样的方法以西安某医学院校临床医学专业毕业生为研究对象,对其综合能力现状进行调查;并采用SPSS 22.0统计软件包分析数据,利用多元线性回归法分析其影响因素。结果临床医学专业毕业生临床能力领域得分最高(3.05±0.84),其次为职业素养领域(2.48±0.81),得分最低的是科学与学术领域(1.89±0.68)。各因子得分中排在前3名的依次是临床执业能力(3.39±0.76)、理论知识掌握情况(3.55±0.48)和医学知识掌握情况(2.98±0.81),得分最低的3个因子依次是文献检索能力(1.31±0.64)、全球健康问题(1.49±0.82)和自我提升意愿及能力(1.81±0.73)。利用多元逐步回归法分析综合能力影响因素,得出最优方程:Y=8.412+0.063X6+0.190X8+0.266X10+0.031X11+0.187X12(X6为工作单位层次,X8为学习成绩排名,X10为实践教学满意度,X11为教学模式满意度,X12为毕业后再教育满意度)。其中实践教学满意度、毕业后再教育满意度和教学模式满意度越高,学生成绩排名越高,临床毕业生的综合能力得分越高。就业层次在综合医院的毕业生,其综合能力得分要高于社区/乡镇医院等基层医院的毕业生。结论临床医学专业学生在培养的过程中应提高实践教学质量、完善教学模式,加大科学与学术领域的培养,提高基层医疗机构再教育投入力度,提高毕业生再教育满意度,从而提高临床医学专业毕业生综合能力。

Objective To investigate the comprehensive ability and influencing factors of clinical medicine graduates from a medical college in Xi'an,and provide a scientific basis for improving the training model and comprehensive ability of clinical medicine students.Methods Based on the Chinese Undergraduate Medical Education Standard-Clinical Medicine Specialty(2016 Edition),we conducted a self-designed questionnaire,the Clinical Medicine Graduate Comprehensive Ability Evaluation Questionnaire,containing 62 items in 4 dimensions,selected the clinical medicine graduates as the research objects by random sampling method,used SPSS 22.0 to make data analysis,and performed multiple linear regression to analyze its influencing factors.Results Clinical medicine graduates had the highest score in the field of clinical competence(3.05±0.84),followed by the field of professionalism(2.48±0.81),and the lowest score was in the field of science and academics(1.89±0.68).The top three scores of each factor were clinical practice ability(3.39±0.76),theoretical knowledge mastery(3.55±0.48)and medical knowledge mastery(2.98±0.81).The three factors with the lowest scores were literature search ability(1.31±0.64),global health issues(1.49±0.82)and self-improvement willingness and ability(1.81±0.73).Using the multiple stepwise regression method to analyze the influencing factors of comprehensive ability,the optimal equation was obtained:Y=8.412+0.063X6+0.190X8+0.266X10+0.031X11+0.187X12(X6,working level;X8,academic performance ranking;X10,practical teaching satisfaction;X11,mode of teaching satisfaction;X12,Re-education satisfaction after graduation).Among them,the higher the practical teaching satisfaction,the satisfaction of re-education and the satisfaction of teaching mode after graduation,the higher the student's performance ranking,and the higher the comprehensive ability score of clinical graduates.Graduates whose employment level was in a general hospitals had higher comprehensive ability scores than those of grassroots hospitals such as community/township hospitals.Conclusions In the process of training clinical medicine students,we should improve the quality of practical teaching and the teaching model,increase the training of science and academic fields,increase the investment in re-education of primary medical institutions,and raise the satisfaction of graduates in education,so as to improve the clinical medicine profession comprehensive ability of graduates.