“双高”背景下高职院校办学效率评价及影响因素研究——以广西2015—2021年18所高职院校为例

A Study on the Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Schoolrunning Efficiency of Higher Vocational Colleges under the Background of“Double High”Plan——base on the data of 18 Higher Vocational Colleges in Guangxi from 2015-2021

“双高计划”实施后,推进高职院校办学效率提高成为教育改革的重要方向。以广西2015—2021年18所高职院校为研究对象,采用超效率SBM模型、DEA-Malmquist模型和Tobit模型对其办学效率和外部环境影响因素进行全面分析。研究结果表明:从静态分析结果看,广西高职院校办学效率处于中等水平,学校之间办学效率存在较大差异,且“双高”院校引领和示范作用不明显;从动态分析结果看,广西高职院校办学效率不稳定,全要素生产率呈现明显的波动性,每所学校办学效率都是有升有降;从影响因素分析结果看,城镇化率、第二产值与第三产值之比对广西高职院校办学效率产生促进作用,人均GDP产生制约作用,学校位置和教育支出比重没有带来显著影响。鉴于此提出,构建校企服务协同育人平台,整体提升广西高职院校办学效率;量体裁衣,制定差异化策略为不同院校提升办学效率;强化“双高”院校办学效率的改进,增强其榜样和示范效果;合理设置专业,谨防过度设置第三产业专业。

Promoting the efficiency of Higher Vocational Colleges(abbreviation:HVC)has become an important direction of educational reform after the implementation of the“Double High”Plan.Based on the data of 18 HVC in Guangxi from 2015 to 2021,this paper adopts Super-SBM model,DEA-Malmquist model and Tobit model to conduct a comprehensive analysis on school-running efficiency and their external influencing factors.The results show that according to the results of Super-SBM model,the level of the school-running efficiency of HVC in Guangxi is in the middle level;there are large differences in school-running efficiency among colleges,and the leading and demonstration role of the“Double High”colleges is not obvious.According to the results of DEA-Malmquist,the school-running efficiency of HVC in Guangxi is unstable,and their Total Factor Productivity shows obvious volatility,and the school-running efficiency of each college fluctuate sometimes;According to the results of Tobit model,the urbanization rate,the ratio of the second industry value to the third industry value promote the school-running efficiency of HVC in Guangxi,while per capita GDP restrains their efficiency,the location of colleges and the proportion of education expenditure have no significant impact on their efficiency.In view of this,it is proposed to build a platform of school-enterprise service cooperation to improve the overall efficiency of HVC in Guangxi,to formulate differentiation strategies to improve the efficiency of different colleges,to strengthen the improvement of the school-running efficiency of the“Double High”colleges in Guangxi in order to enhance their demonstration effects,rationally to set major in order to avoid excessively set major related to third industry.