脑卒中幸存者运动干预的范围综述

Scoping review of exercise interventions for stroke survivors

目的对脑卒中幸存者运动干预的内容及效果进行总结,为医护人员制订脑卒中幸存者运动干预方案提供参考。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science等数据库中有关脑卒中幸存者运动干预的文献,检索时限均为建库至2023年5月1日。对纳入文献进行数据提取与汇总。结果共纳入22篇文献。脑卒中幸存者运动类型以有氧运动和抗阻运动为主;运动强度以中高强度为主;运动频率多为每周3~5次,每次30~60 min;运动周期最短为2周,最长为1年。运动干预对脑卒中幸存者的活动能力、生活质量、心肺功能、心理状态、认知功能、疲乏、睡眠、依从性有不同程度的改善。结论运动干预在脑卒中幸存者中取得了良好的成效,未来医护人员可在保障患者安全前提下,将患者偏好纳入运动干预方案,促进患者康复。

Objective To summarize the content and effects of exercise interventions for stroke survivors,providing references for medical and nursing personnel in formulating exercise intervention plans for these patients.Methods Literature on exercise interventions for stroke survivors was searched in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,VIP,China Biology Medicine disc,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science up to May 1,2023.Data extraction and summarization were conducted on the included literature.Results Twenty-two articles were included in the review.The exercise types for stroke survivors primarily involved aerobic and resistance training;the intensity was mainly moderate to high;the frequency was mostly 3-5 times per week,with each session lasting 30-60 minutes;and the duration of interventions ranged from as short as two weeks to as long as one year.Exercise interventions improved stroke survivors'functional mobility,quality of life,cardiopulmonary function,mental state,cognitive function,fatigue,sleep,and compliance to varying degrees.Conclusions Exercise interventions have achieved positive outcomes in stroke survivors.In the future,medical and nursing personnel can incorporate patient preferences into exercise intervention plans while ensuring patient safety to promote rehabilitation.