南方山区农业水价改革模式探索——云南省玉溪市新平县新化乡依施河灌区农业水价综合改革的经验启示

Exploration on the reform mode of agricultural water price in Southern mountainous areas-Experience and enlightenment of comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in Yishi River Irrigation District in Xinhua Township,Xinping County,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province

农业水价综合改革事关农业节水和农业可持续发展。近年来,我国农业水价综合改革从局部试点向面上整体推进,取得显著成效,但是仍然存在改革进展不平衡,一些耕地零散分布地区改革推进难度大等问题。南方山区农业乡镇多为小型灌区,财政收入单一、基础薄弱,水利基础设施条件差、用水效率低、用水矛盾突出,亟待通过农业水价综合改革解决农业发展用水问题。新平县新化乡实施“合作社+村集体经济+用水户”合作模式,探索形成符合山区农业乡镇的自治农业用水模式,可为其他同类型地区参考借鉴。

The comprehensive reform of agricultural water price is related to agricultural water conservation and agricultural sustainable development.In recent years,the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price in China has transitioned from local pilot to overall promotion,with remarkable results achieved.However,there are still problems such as unbalanced reform progress and difficulty promoting the reform in some scattered areas of cultivated land.The agricultural towns in southern mountainous areas are mostly small-scale irrigation districts,with single fiscal revenue,weak foundation,poor water conservancy infrastructures,low water use efficiency,and prominent water use contradictions.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of water use for agricultural development through the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price.Xinhua Township under Xinping County implements the cooperation mode of“cooperative+village collective economy+water users”,and explores the formation of autonomous agricultural water use mode in line with agricultural townships and towns in mountainous areas,which can be used for reference by other similar areas.