儿童直立性高血压发病机制及临床诊治进展

Advances on pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis and treatment of orthostatic hypertension in children

直立性高血压(OHT)是儿童晕厥中常见的一种类型,具有十分复杂的神经反射机制,且与血管内皮功能异常、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统调节障碍、维生素D减少或缺乏等密切相关,但确切发病机制尚不明确。OHT发病率较高,可能是高血压、心脑血管疾病的危险因素,严重影响儿童的身心健康,但病因与治疗尚处于探索阶段,深入探讨OHT十分必要。本文针对OHT的发病机制及临床诊治进展进行概述。

Orthostatic hypertension(OHT)is a common type of syncope in children,characterized by a highly complex neural reflex mechanism.It is closely associated with abnormalities in vascular endothelial function,disruptions in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,and reduced or deficient levels of vitamin D.However,the exact pathogenesis of OHT remains unclear.OHT has a relatively high incidence and may be a risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in children,significantly impacting their physical and mental health.Nevertheless,the etiology and treatment of OHT are still in the exploratory stage.Therefore,a thorough exploration of OHT is essential.This review provided a brief overview of the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis and treatment of OHT.