再议梁启超“保教”思想之变化历程

Rethinking the Trajectory of Liang Qichao’s Thought of“Protecting Confucianism”

关于梁启超“保教”思想的研究,国内大致有两种观点。一种观点认为,在1902年《保教非所以尊孔论》发表前,梁启超是康有为保教思想的坚定捍卫者,1902年后则转向对保教思想的否定,即肯定到否定两阶段;另外一种观点认为,在《保教非所以尊孔论》发表前,梁启超就对保教思想心存怀疑,之后则是公开否定保教观点,即怀疑到否定两阶段。上述两种观点都有其合理性,但并不能全面客观地反映梁启超“保教”思想的全貌,本文认为,梁启超的保教观可以分为肯定、怀疑和否定这三个阶段。

There are roughly two viewpoints in China on Liang Qichao's thought of“protecting Confucianism.”One point of view is that Liang Qichao was a staunch defender of Kang Youwei's thought of protecting Confucianism before his“On Protecting Confucianism Not as a Way of Respecting Confucius”was published in 1902 and that,after 1902,he turned to the negation of the thought of protecting Confucianism(that is,from affirmation to negation).The other point of view is that Liang Qichao had already doubted about the thought of protecting Confucianism before his essay was published and that afterwards he openly negated the view of protecting Confucianism(that is,from doubt to negation).The above two viewpoints have their rationality,but they do not fully and objectively reflect the whole picture of Liang Qichao's thought of“protecting Confucianism.”This paper holds that Liang Qichao's view of protecting Confucianism can be divided into three stages,namely,affirmation,doubt,and negation.