阴道菌群失调与宫颈癌发病的研究进展

Vaginal microbiota and cervical cancer: research progress

宫颈癌是世界女性第四大常见恶性肿瘤,严重危害女性身体健康。为此,国内外学者和临床医生进行了大量的科学研究和临床实践,不断探索有效预防、筛查、干预和治疗宫颈癌及癌前病变的新举措。研究表明,阴道菌群影响HPV感染持续状态或病毒清除率,由此参与宫颈癌和癌前病变发生和发展过程,甚至可能在HPV感染→癌前病变→宫颈癌进程中起主导作用。特定的阴道菌群具有预测HPV持续感染的潜力,有望成为筛查宫颈癌和癌前病变以及指示疾病高风险的生物标志物,这为宫颈病变乃至宫颈癌的筛查和诊断提供了新契机。本文就阴道菌群在HPV相关宫颈癌中的作用进行综述。

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant cancer among women worldwide, seriously endangering their physical health. Scholars and clinicians have been focusing on the laboratory and clinical research in the areas of new measures for prevention, screening, intervention and treatment of cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. It has been demonstrated that the microbial composition of vagina influences the persistent status or clearance rate of HPV infection, thereby interacting with the occurrence and development of cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions. It might even play a leading role in the process of "HPV infection→precancerous lesions→cervical cancer". The specific composition of vaginal microbiota has the potential to predict the sustained HPV infection, and is expected to become the biomarkers for screening cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, as well as indicating high risk for the illness. These findings provide opportunities for screening and diagnosis of cervical lesions and even cervical cancer. The progress in research on the role of vaginal microbiota in HPV-related cervical cancer was reviewed in this article.