河岸带植物生态适应策略研究进展

Research Progress in Ecological Adaptation Strategies of Riparian Plants

河岸带是河流与陆地之间进行物质、能量、信息交换的重要生态过渡区,是世界上最多样化和最具活力的植物栖息地之一,具有较高的经济、社会和生物价值,已成为生态学和环境科学的研究热点之一。河岸生态环境具有水分多、空气湿度高、水位波动大、存在季节性淹水、土壤肥力较高等特点。在这种独特的生境下,河岸带植被在长期进化中形成了一系列生态适应策略。文中从植物形态特征、解剖结构、生理生化及生活史策略4个方面综述近年来国内外关于河岸带植物生态适应策略的研究概况,并对主要研究热点及其进展进行探讨,分析当前研究中存在的一些问题及未来可能的研究方向,以期为系统了解河岸植物的生态适应对策提供参考,也为河岸带植物群落和生态系统的保护和修复提供参考。

Riparian zone is an important ecological transition zone for the interactions between rivers and land in material,energy and information.As one of the most diverse and dynamic plant habitats in the world,it has high economic,social and biological values and has become one of the research hotspots in ecology and environmental science.The ecological environment in riparian area has the characteristics of high water content,high air humidity,large fluctuation of water level,seasonal waterlogging and high soil fertility.In this unique habitat,riparian vegetation has developed a range of ecological adaptation strategies in long-term evolution.In this paper,the national and international research on the ecological adaptation strategies of riparian plants in recent years is reviewed from the four aspects of morphological characteristics,anatomical structure,physiology and biochemistry,and life history strategies.The main research hotspots and their progress are discussed,and some problems existing in the current research and possible future research directions are analyzed,in order to provide a reference for the systematic understanding of the ecological adaptation strategies of riparian plants and for the protection and restoration of riparian plant communities and ecosystems.